How do we implement caching in GitHub Actions to speed up dependency installation times?

Use actions/cache or built-in package manager integrations (like actions/setup-node cache option) to save dependency folders (e.g., node_modules or .m2 repository).

• During a run, the action checks for a cache matching a key (usually a hash of the project's lock file: package-lock.json).
• If a cache hit occurs, it restores the folder, reducing package install times from minutes to seconds.