Explain the TCP/IP Model.

The TCP/IP Model (or Internet Protocol Suite) is a practical, simplified 4-layer model used to design real-world internet architectures:

• Link Layer (equivalent to OSI Layers 1-2): Manages physical connections, MAC addresses, and network interface hardware drivers (Ethernet, Wi-Fi).
• Internet Layer (equivalent to OSI Layer 3): Packages and routes data packets across network boundaries (IP, ICMP, ARP).
• Transport Layer (equivalent to OSI Layer 4): Establishes logical host-to-host communication channels (TCP, UDP).
• Application Layer (equivalent to OSI Layers 5-7): Dictates application-level protocol formatting (HTTP, DNS, SSH, FTP).