What is the difference between the `==` and `is` operators?

• ==: Checks for value equality (if the elements inside are identical).
• is: Checks for identity reference (if both variables point to the exact same object in memory).

a = [1, 2]
b = [1, 2]

print(a == b)  # True (same values)
print(a is b)  # False (different locations in memory)